画法几何及工程制图习题集（第二版）

中国水利水电出版社

【作者】主编乌云苏日娜

【I S B N 】978-7-5170-8692-5

【责任编辑】高辉

【适用读者群】本专通用

【出版时间】2020-07-11

【开本】8开

【装帧信息】平装（光膜）

【版次】第2版第1次印刷

【页数】92

【千字数】144

【印张】11.5

【定价】￥29.8

【丛书】普通高等院校工程图学类系列教材

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本习题集在《画法几何及工程制图习题集》第一版基础上编写而成，以由浅入深、循序渐进为原则，对画法几何基础部分内容进行了增减和调整，并注重培养学生对工程形体的识读和绘制能力，在工程形体表达部分有针对性地新增了水利工程、土木工程等相关专业典型形体的读图与画图练习。针对目前课程学时压缩，讲授内容大幅度缩减的现实，学生可通过本习题集实践环节巩固关键知识点以达到举一反三的目的。

本习题集与教材《画法几何及工程制图》配套使用，可作为本专科学生的教学参考资料。

本习题集是在乌云等主编的《画法几何及工程制图习题集》基础上修订而成，与《画法几何及工程制图》（第二版）教材配套使用，主要用于学时少、重基础图学课程的教学和参考用书。

本习题集的特点：

● 遵照规范——按照普通高等教育本科国家级规划教材的标准进行编制；

● 工科专业——适用于水利水电工程、土木工程、给水排水工程、测绘工程、环境工程等相关专业；

● 典型例题——重视画法几何基本理论的学习和应用，选择具有各专业代表性和典型性的基本体投影训练和综合应用题，内容力求全面。

本书的编写人员：内蒙古农业大学乌云、苏日娜任主编，胡守忠任主审。

参加编写的人员：内蒙古农业大学郁志宏、穆继卫、乌云塔娜、王芳等。

由于编者水平所限，本习题集中难免存在错误和缺漏，恳请广大读者批评指正。

作者

2020 年 6 月

前言
1　制图基本知识和基本技能 ·················································································································· 1
1-1　长仿宋体、数字、字母和符号练习 ····································································································· 1
1-2　圆的等分、斜度、锥度、椭圆和比例画法练习 ················································································· 2
1-3　尺规作图练习Ⅰ——线型练习 ············································································································· 3
1-4　尺规作图练习Ⅱ——圆弧连接练习 ····································································································· 4
2　投影的基本理论 ································································································································· 5
2-1　根据立体图的特点分析投影图，并将对应投影图的编号填写在括号中 ········································· 5
2-2　已知物体的轴测图，了解物体的特征，确定对应的三视图 ····························································· 6
2-3　读懂已知物体的三视图，了解其投影特征，确定对应的轴测图 ····················································· 7
2-4　已知物体的两个视图，想象其空间形体选择正确的第三视图 ························································· 8
2-5　已知物体的三视图，想象其空间形体选择正确的轴测图 ································································· 9
3　点、直线、平面的投影 ···················································································································· 10
3-1　点的投影 ··············································································································································· 10
3-2　直线的投影 ··········································································································································· 12
3-3　两条直线的相对位置 ··························································································································· 14
3-4　平面的投影 ··········································································································································· 16
4　直线、平面的相对位置问题 ············································································································· 18
4-1　平行关系 ··············································································································································· 18
4-2　相交关系 ··············································································································································· 19
4-3　垂直关系 ··············································································································································· 20
4-4　相对位置综合问题 ······························································································································· 21
5　投影变换 ·········································································································································· 23
5-1　投影变换——换面法 ··························································································································· 23
5-2　投影变换——绕垂直轴旋转法 ··········································································································· 25
6　基本体的投影 ·································································································································· 27
6-1　平面立体的投影及表面上点的投影 ··································································································· 27
6-2　平面立体的投影及表面上线的投影 ··································································································· 28
6-3　曲面立体的投影及表面上点、线的投影 ··························································································· 29
7　平面、直线与基本立体相交 ············································································································· 30
7-1　平面与平面立体相交 ··························································································································· 30
7-2　平面与回转体相交 ······························································································································· 32
7-3　直线与立体相交 ··································································································································· 33
8　基本体与基本体相贯 ························································································································ 34
8-1　两个平面立体相贯 ······························································································································· 34
8-2　平面立体与回转体相贯 ······················································································································· 35
8-3　两个回转体相贯 ··································································································································· 37
8-4　两个回转体特殊相贯 ··························································································································· 38
8-5　复合体相贯 ··········································································································································· 40
9　轴测图 ············································································································································· 41
9-1　已知物体的两个视图，画出其正等轴测图 ······················································································· 41
9-2　已知物体的两个视图，画出其斜二等轴测图 ··················································································· 43
9-3　已知物体的两个视图，徒手画出其正等轴测图 ··············································································· 44
9-4　已知物体的三个视图，画出其轴测图 ······························································································· 45
10　组合体的投影 ································································································································ 47
10-1　按形体分析法分解物体，顺序完成三视图 ····················································································· 47
10-2　已知物体的两个视图，顺序完成第三视图，并徒手勾画轴测图 ················································· 48
10-3　已知物体的轴测图及两个视图，完成另外一个视图 ····································································· 50
10-4　已知物体的轴测图及不完全视图，试补全漏线 ············································································· 51
10-5　依据物体的立体图，目测尺寸画出其三个视图 ············································································· 52
10-6　已知物体的轴测图及一个视图，完成其余两个视图 ····································································· 53
10-7　已知物体的两个视图，想象其空间形体并完成第三视图 ····························································· 54
10-8　已知物体的两个视图，结合工程形体，完成第三视图 ································································· 59
10-9　尺寸标注基础——改正下列图中不符合国家标准规定的尺寸标注 ············································· 60
10-10　尺寸标注基础——标注下列常见平面图形的尺寸 ······································································· 61
10-11　已知物体的轴测图，顺序完成下列组合体三视图的尺寸标注 ···················································· 62
10-12　已知物体的轴测图及其三视图，分析结构特征，标注全部尺寸 ··············································· 63
11　图样的画法 ···································································································································· 64
11-1　全剖视图画法 ······································································································································ 64
11-2　半剖视图画法 ······································································································································ 65
11-3　局部剖视图画法 ·································································································································· 66
11-4　改正下列错误画法 ······························································································································ 67
11-5　阶梯剖视图画法 ·································································································································· 68
11-6　剖视图画法 ·········································································································································· 69
11-7　断面图画法 ·········································································································································· 71
12　标高投影········································································································································ 72
12-1　直线的标高投影 ································································································································· 72
12-2　平面的标高投影 ································································································································· 73
12-3　曲面的标高投影 ································································································································· 74
12-4　地形面的标高投影 ····························································································································· 75
12-5　标高投影在工程中的应用 ················································································································· 76
13　计算机绘图基础练习 ······················································································································ 80
13-1　实验一精确绘图练习 ······················································································································· 80
13-2　实验二绘制工程图例练习 ··············································································································· 82
13-3　实验三绘制简单工程形体练习 ······································································································· 84
13-4　实验四绘制建筑平面图练习 ··········································································································· 85
13-5　实验五绘制溢流坝断面图练习 ······································································································· 86
13-6　实验六绘制工程形体的三视图练习 ······························································································· 87

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